Folks test the harm on the scene of a Syrian regime airforce strike that focused a neighborhood in Syria’s rebel-held northern metropolis of Idlib on December 1, 2024. A Syria conflict monitor mentioned rebels seized Aleppo’s civilian airport on November 30, the primary time they’ve taken such a facility, together with key cities in Idlib and Hama provinces as they waged a days-long offensive. (Photograph by MUHAMMAD HAJ KADOUR / AFP)
BEIRUT, Lebanon — Syria’s second-largest metropolis Aleppo has fallen from authorities management for the primary time for the reason that nation’s battle started greater than a decade in the past, a conflict monitor mentioned Sunday, after a shock advance by rebels.
An Islamist-dominated insurgent alliance has pressed a lightning offensive towards forces of the Iranian- and Russian-backed Syrian authorities since Wednesday, the identical day a fragile ceasefire took impact in neighbouring Lebanon between Israel and the Iran-backed Hezbollah group after two months of all-out conflict.
The Syrian military — supported by Russian air energy — had recaptured in 2016 rebel-held areas of Aleppo, a metropolis dominated by its landmark citadel.
Damascus additionally relied on Hezbollah fighters to regain swathes of Syria misplaced to rebels early within the conflict which started in 2011 when the federal government crushed protests. However Hezbollah has taken heavy losses in its combat with Israel.
The jihadist Hayat Tahrir al-Sham and allied insurgent factions “management Aleppo metropolis, besides the neighbourhoods managed by the Kurdish forces,” Rami Abdel Rahman, head of the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, instructed AFP.
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For the primary time for the reason that battle began, “Aleppo metropolis is uncontrolled of Syrian regime forces,” Abdel Rahman mentioned.
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A number of northern districts inside Aleppo are predominantly inhabited by Syrian Kurds below the authority of the Folks’s Safety Models (YPG), the principle part of the Syrian Democratic Forces.
The SDF are the de facto military within the semi-autonomous Kurdish area of northeast Syria. They’re a US-backed power that spearheaded combating towards the Islamic State group jihadists earlier than IS’s territorial defeat in Syria in 2019.
Individually, the jihadist Hayat Tahrir al-Sham and allied insurgent factions seized Aleppo’s airport and dozens of close by cities on Saturday after overrunning most of Aleppo, the Observatory mentioned.
Tanks seized
Damascus ally Moscow responded with its first air strikes on Aleppo since 2016.
Previous to this offensive, HTS, led by Al-Qaeda’s former Syria department, already managed swathes of the Idlib area, the final space outdoors President Bashar al-Assad’s authorities management, in Syria’s northwest.
HTS additionally held elements of neighbouring Aleppo, Hama and Latakia provinces. Allied Turkish-backed insurgent factions have additionally been collaborating within the offensive.
The combating has killed greater than 370 individuals, most of them combatants but in addition together with at the least 48 civilians, in accordance with the Observatory, which has a community of sources inside Syria.
The Observatory mentioned insurgent advances got here with little resistance.
AFP photos confirmed fighters posing with seized tanks.
The Observatory on Sunday mentioned the military strengthened its positions round Syria’s fourth largest metropolis Hama, about 230 kilometers (140 miles) south of Aleppo, and despatched reinforcements to the north of the encompassing province.
Syria’s defence ministry mentioned military models in Hama province “strengthened their defensive strains with various means of fireplace, tools and personnel”, combating to stop a insurgent advance.
Rebels took dozens of cities throughout the north, together with Khan Sheikhun and Maaret al-Numan, roughly midway between Aleppo and Hama, the Observatory mentioned.
Some welcomed the rebels’ arrival.
“Yesterday was my wedding ceremony however I didn’t distribute sweets,” Khaled al-Yussef mentioned, holding up pastries beside a automobile. “I’m distributing them right now in celebration of the liberation of Maaret al-Numan.”
‘Weak’ authorities
However in Idlib on Sunday, our bodies lay in a hospital and autos had been torched on the street, AFP photos confirmed, after what the Observatory known as Russian air strikes.
Air strikes additionally occurred Saturday in Aleppo, the place an AFP photographer noticed charred automobiles, together with a minibus. Inside one automobile, the physique of a lady lay slumped within the again seat with a purse beside her.
Russian air strikes on elements of Syria’s second metropolis are the primary since 2016.
Aaron Stein, president of the US-based International Coverage Analysis Institute, mentioned “Russia’s presence has thinned out significantly and fast response air strikes have restricted utility.”
He mentioned the insurgent advance is “a reminder of how weak the regime is.”
One other analyst, Dareen Khalifa of the Worldwide Disaster Group suppose tank, mentioned the insurgent alliance see their motion in a “broader regional and geostrategic shift,” together with when “the Iranians are weakened.”
Syria’s “reliance on Russia and Iran”, together with its refusal to maneuver ahead with a 2015 peace course of outlined by the UN Safety Council, “created the circumstances now unfolding”, mentioned US Nationwide Safety Council spokesman Sean Savett.
The USA maintains a whole lot of troops in Syria’s northeast as a part of an anti-jihadist coalition.
Diplomacy
Iran’s prime diplomat, International Minister Abbas Araghchi, left Tehran for Damascus to ship what state media mentioned can be a message of assist for Syria’s authorities and armed forces.
Araghchi once more known as the shock insurgent offensive a plot by the US and Israel and vowed that “the Syrian military will as soon as once more win.”
Assad vowed to defeat the “terrorists” nonetheless massive their assaults had been.
“Terrorism solely understands the language of power, and that’s the language which we are going to break it and remove it with, whoever its supporters and sponsors are,” he mentioned.
Russia, whose air assist was beforehand decisive in serving to Syria’s authorities win again misplaced territory, joined Iran in expressing “excessive concern” over their ally’s losses.
“Robust assist for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic was reaffirmed,” the Russian overseas ministry mentioned in a abstract of a name between its prime diplomat, Sergei Lavrov, and Araghchi.
Since 2020, the Idlib insurgent enclave has been topic to a Turkish- and Russian-brokered truce that had largely been holding regardless of repeated violations.
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Lavrov additionally spoke together with his Turkish counterpart Hakan Fidan on Saturday and agreed on the necessity to “coordinate joint motion to stabilize the scenario,” Moscow mentioned.